Liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the liver. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and it is more common in men than women.
The exact cause of liver cancer is not known, but it is believed to be related to chronic liver damage, such as that caused by viral hepatitis, alcohol consumption, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Other risk factors for liver cancer include obesity, diabetes, exposure to certain chemicals, and a family history of the disease.
Symptoms of liver cancer may include abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and jaundice. However, in many cases, liver cancer may not cause any symptoms until it has advanced to a later stage.
Diagnosis of liver cancer typically involves blood tests to assess liver function and tumor markers, as well as imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. A liver biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis and assess the degree of liver damage.
Treatment for liver cancer depends on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as the overall health of the patient. Treatment options may include surgery to remove the tumor, liver transplantation, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy.